Our bodies need energy and it is created through metabolic pathways: with oxygen, aerobic, and without oxygen, anaerobic.
We mostly rely on aerobic metabolism. This pathway is more efficient and more sustainable for long term energy. But, in situations where energy is consumed faster than it can be supplied, our bodies will rely more on anaerobic metabolism for quicker energy access.
To optimize training efforts, athletes will exercise at intensities that relate to specific balances between aerobic, anaerobic, and their byproducts.
We can measure this relationship by using lactate. Lactate is a byproduct created during anaerobic processes. Its presence gives insights into energy production and metabolic fatigue.
Lactate is only an indicator of metabolic fatigue and does not cause fatigue.

Here, we use a three-zone model comparing lactate levels and intensity. Each zone is characterized by color, intensity, and lactate concentration.
Zone 1: Green
Light to moderate intensity
Aerobic metabolism is dominant.
1 to 2 mmol/L
Zone 2: Yellow
High intensity
Anaerobic metabolism is dominant.
2 to 4 mmol/L
Zone 3: Red
Severe intensity
Higher than 4 mmol/L
Your lactate threshold is the point where lactate is being produced faster than your body can remove it.
Once you pass this threshold, lactate will accumulate very quickly. When this occurs, your body is signally that it is working at max capacity to clear energy byproducts.
After clearing lactate, the liver can recycle it into glucose.

Your heart rate can be linked your lactate threshold. Typically, stable for a season.

Seeing improvement when training with lactate is easier compared to VO2 max.

For lactate vs intensity data, the intensity of exercise can be measured by watts, MPH, or KPH.
Blood lactate has been studied intensively during the last 200 years. With notable researchers from all over the world.
Olympians and high performing athletes have popularized the incorporation of tracking lactate into their training practices.
Lactate data is being used to design better training programs, typically to improve endurance.
Having access to lactate results, give clarity into the optimal training intensity needed for improvement while minimalizing recovery times.
Current training intensity distributions fall under three models: the pyramidal, polarized, and threshold.
Lactate can also be used as a performance marker for sprinting and shorter distance running by measuring your maximal rate of lactate accumulation, VLmax.
When training at the same intensity, your lactate levels decrease (or shift to the right) as your endurance improves. Your body is becoming more efficient in clearing lactate.
As you improve, your VLmax increases. Your body is becoming more efficient at providing instantaneous energy.

Try our non-invasive saliva-based portable lactate testing system. Join our early access waitlist today.
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